What is chronic diarrhea?

Chronic diarrhea is usually caused by a parasite, and is often accompanied with abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, loss of appetite, fatigue, weight loss and low-grade fever. You should see a physician to get proper treatment. Chronic diarrhea is frequently due to many of the same things that cause the shorter episodes (infections, medications, etc.); symptoms just last longer. Some infections can become chronic. This occurs mainly with parasitic infections (such as Giardia), or when patients have altered immunity (AIDS).

However, prolonged diarrhea can be a sign of other problems. People with diarrhea may pass more than a quart of stool a day. Diarrhea can cause dehydration, which means the body lacks enough fluid to function properly. Dehydration is particularly dangerous in children and the elderly, and it must be treated promptly to avoid serious health problems. Chronic diarrhea also has a considerable effect on health, as well as on social and economic well being. Patients with celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and other prolonged diarrheal illnesses develop nutritional deficiencies, which diminish growth and immunity. They affect social interaction and result in the loss of many working hours.

Persons with severely weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, those taking certain types of chemotherapy, or persons who have recently received an organ transplant are at risk. So are travelers to developing countries where the water and food supply may be contaminated.

The key to treating chronic diarrhea is to determine its cause. Diarrhea caused by an infection can often be treated with antibiotics. However, the correct diagnosis must be made so the proper medication can be prescribed. Diarrhea not caused by an infection is more difficult to diagnose and treat. Long-term medication or surgery may be required. Specific treatment for chronic diarrhea not caused by an infection should be discussed with your health care provider.

For diarrhea whose cause has not been determined, follow these important treatment guidelines to relieve symptoms: Prevent dehydration. Serious health problems can occur if you don’t maintain your body’s proper fluid levels. Diarrhea may become worse and hospitalization may be required if dehydration occurs. Many oral rehydration solutions such as Pedialyte and Oralyte are available at drug stores. Ask your pharmacist or health care provider for the product best for you. Do not drink beverages containing caffeine, such as tea, coffee, and soft drinks. Do not drink alcohol; it causes dehydration. Do not rely on sports drinks and broths alone to maintain adequate fluid balance. They should not be used to prevent severe dehydration. Maintain well-balanced nutrition. Doing so may help you recover more quickly.

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