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| Colonoscopy |
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ERCP |
| Colonoscopy is a medical procedure where a long, flexible, tubular instrument called the colonoscope is used to view the entire inner lining of the colon (large intestine) and the rectum. |
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ERCP stands for endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography. ERCP is a diagnostic test to examine the duodenum, the papilla of Vater, the bile ducts, the gallbladder and the pancreatic duct. |
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| Flexible sigmoidoscopy |
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Liver biopsy |
| Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a routine outpatient procedure. Sigmoidoscopy is the procedure by which a doctor inserts either a rigid or flexible fiber-optic tube into the rectum to examine the lower portion of the large intestine. |
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A liver biopsy is a medical procedure performed to obtain a small piece of liver tissue for diagnostic testing. Liver biopsy is used to diagnose the cause of chronic liver disease that results in elevated liver tests. |
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| Lower GI Series (barium enema) |
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Upper GI (gastrointestinal) series |
A lower GI series, or barium enema, is an x-ray test in which a white liquid, called barium, is placed into the rectum and colon through the anus to enhance x-ray pictures of the large bowel (colon).
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An upper GI (gastrointestinal) series is performed to assess frequent heartburn or stomach pain. It is used to help diagnose disorders and diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract. |
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| Upper endoscopy |
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| Upper endoscopy is a routine, outpatient procedure in which the inside of the upper digestive system is examined. Upper endoscopy allows a doctor to see inside the esophagus, stomach and top portions of the small intestine. |
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